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  Leadership Styles and Psychological Empowerment: A Meta-Analysis What is Psychological Empowerment? It is a topic of Organizational Research that gives advantages to companies when acquiring and sustaining competitive positions within markets, and also benefits employees: leads to a proactive and motivated orientation at work. It comprehends 4 work- related conditions:  Competence : self-efficacy of an employee, convincing themselves of having positive skills for high performance. Meaning : employees identify with the company’s objectives and feel that they can execute the work. Self-determination : perception of freedom to decide when to start or finish a task. Impact : belief in having influence on goals at work. Relationship between Leadership and Psychological Empowerment The study analysed 4 styles and their impact, dividing them by high, medium and low matches: Empowering Leadership : idea of power sharing, delegation of authority and resources, encouraging freedom. It
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  Article: “Leadership Styles and leadership outcomes in nursing homes: a cross-sectional analysis” This article is based on a cross-sectional study conducted in 6 Belgian nursing homes and on the influence of head nurses and directors of nursing regarding leadership. There were 302 staff members within the nursing home who collaborated as sample subjects, using a multifactor leadership questionnaire ( measuring extra effort, effectiveness, and satisfaction) that visualized transformational , transactional , and passive-avoidant leadership styles. The researchers found that head nurses and directors of nursing were reluctant to use a transformational or transactional leadership style. On the contrary, the passive-avoidant style scored higher in the questionnaire, showing a predominance of this style. The environment in residential care facilities – also called nursing homes – is complex because most patients would prefer to be in their own home but difficulties in obtaining
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  "The effect of leadership styles on employees’ innovative work behaviour"   This study analyzed the impact on employees’ innovative work in a university, under 3 different leadership styles: transformational, transactional, and laisser-faire. The analysis based its discoveries in questionnaires to sample 461 employees in which the results were stunning for transformational style, but incredible negative for transactional and laisse-fair styles. Why analyzing employees to acknowledge about their innovative work? Because from a business perspective, organizational creativity is linked to the creative behaviour of employees: every good idea begins in the mind of an individual. But it also requires a guide, a leader to focus commitment to create something. Therefore, leadership and creativity go hand in hand . Leaders influence employee behaviour and employee behaviour influences the success of a company. It is a correlation .  The complexity of today’s business environm
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Leadership Styles and Nurses’ Job Satisfaction

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Article Summary: “Leadership Styles and Nurses’ Job Satisfaction. Results of a Systematic Review” In healthcare organizations, leadership results major because it affects all actors interacting (nurses, patients, doctors, families, employees) and determine quality indicators of health services. So, why centered the study in nurses? Because they represent the largest professional body of workers within healthcare systems, playing a key role in quality standards, patient satisfaction, and employee turnover. The cited article studied nurses, job satisfaction, and leadership styles in organizations throughout the systematic review of 12 studies – over 11,813 revised in English and Italian – showing that leadership styles linked nurses to job satisfaction in an 88%.  The research question included (a) nurses working in hospitals, (b) uses of diverse leadership styles by nurse coordinators/managers/leaders, and (c) the effects of nurses’ satisfaction. The leadership styles  analyzed  
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Leadership Styles

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 Leadership Styles Article Summary After reading the article from Journal of Contemporary Education Theory and Research related to “Leadership styles in special Education ” – which it is pretty recent considering it is coetaneous to Covid-19 crisis – two different leadership approaches stood out:   1)      Transformational leadership, and  2)    Democratic leadership. The article relates to qualitative research whose subjects to study were school principals and teachers in Greece, with the objective of examine their degree of job satisfaction depending on the leadership stated for their schools. There were questionnaires with close-ended questions filled out by 69 teachers in special schools and the results were stunning: they all preferred to work in an environment with a principal that promoted autonomy among the staff, being perceived as motivational and as an inspiration to do their job. This was related to the transformational approach, but also the same effect occurred when
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